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About ASTM A106
ASTM A106/ASME SA106 is the standard specification for seamless carbon steel pipe used for high-temperature services. It includes three grades: A, B, and C, with Grade B being commonly used. This type of pipe finds applications in various industries, including pipeline systems for oil and gas, water, and mineral slurry transmission. It is also used in boiler systems and for construction and structural purposes.
ASTM A106 Grade B pipe is considered equivalent to ASTM A53 Grade B and API 5L Grade B in terms of chemical composition and mechanical properties. It is a type of carbon steel that has a minimum yield strength of 240 MPa and a minimum tensile strength of 415 MPa.
Chemical composition and Mechanical Strength
ASTM A106 Grade B and A pipe chemical composition
Elements Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, V combined shall not exceed 1%.
ASTM A106 Grade B Tensile Strength and Yield Strength
In 2 in. [50mm], shall be calculated by: e = 625 000 A^0.2 / U^0.9
For inch-pound Units, e = 1940 A^0.2 / U^0.9
Explanations:
e = minimum elongation in 2 inch (50mm) in percent rounded to the nearest percent
A = specimen cross-sectional area, rounded to 0.01 in.^2 (1 mm^2), based on the specified outside diameter to the nominal specimen width and wall thickness. If the area calculated is equal or above than 0.75 in.^2 (500 mm^2), then the value 0.75 in.^2 (500 mm^2) shall be applied, and
U = specified tensile strength, psi (Mpa)
Tensile Strength, min, psi [MPa] Grade A 48,000 [330], Grade B 60,000 [415], Grade C 70,000 [485]
Yield Strength minimum at psi [MPa] Grade A 30,000 [205], B 35,000 [240], C 40,000 [275]
Elongation in 2 in (50mm), minimum percentage % ,
For all small sizes tested in full section, basic minimum elongation transverse trip tests: Grade A Longitudinal 35, Transverse 25; B 30, 16.5; C 30, 16.5;
In case standard round 2 inch gage length test sample is used, above values are: Grade A 28, 20; B 22, 12; C 20, 12.
ASTM A106 Grade B Pipe Dimensions Schedule
The standard covers pipe sizes in NPS (National Standard Straight) from 1/8 inch to 48 inches (10.3mm DN6 – 1219mm DN1200). It also complies with the nominal wall thickness specified in ASME B 36.10M. For sizes that are not covered by ASME B 36.10M, this standard specification can still be used.
Raw materials
The materials used for the ASTM A106 standard specification should be suitable for bending, flanging, or similar forming processes. If the steel material is to be welded, the welding process should be appropriate for this grade of ASTM A106 and suitable for high-temperature working environments.
In cases where a superior or higher grade of ASTM A106 steel pipe is required, the standard provides an optional specification for supplementary requirements. Additionally, these supplementary specifications require additional testing to be conducted when placing an order for pipes that adhere to this standard.
Our relevant tests
Standards referred for making ASTM A106 pipes
References ASTM standards:
a. ASTM A530/ A530M: This is the standard specification for the common requirements of carbon and alloy pipes.
b. E213: The standard for the Ultrasonic Examination test.
c. E309: The standard for the Eddy Current examination test.
d. E381: The standard for the plan of Macroetch test, for steel products such as steel bars, steel billets, blooms, and forging steels.
e. E570: The standard for the test plan for the flux leakage test of ferromagnetic steel pipes and pipeline products.
f. Related ASME Standard:
g. ASME B 36.10M: The standard specification for nominal sizes of welded and seamless steel pipes.
h. Related Military standard:
i. MIL-STD-129: The standard for the markings of shipment and storage.
j. MIL-STD-163: The standard for the storage and shipment of steel forging products.
k. Related federal standard:
l. Fed. Std. No. 123: The standard for the marking and shipments for civil agencies.
m. Fed. Std. No. 183: The standard specification for continuous ID marking for steel products.
n. Surface standard:
o. SSPC-SP 6: The standard specification for surface preparation.
Grade B Seamless Pipe
The ASTM A106 standard specifications for seamless steel pipes consist of three grades: ASTM A106 Gr. A, Gr. B, and Gr. C. With higher-grade materials, the strength performance is improved.
Test Methods
The test methods for ASTM A106 grades A, B, and C include flattening tests, hydrostatic tests, nondestructive electric tests, ultrasonic tests, eddy current tests, and flux leakage tests. These test procedures should be communicated and confirmed with the client to determine which specific tests will be applied.